What is Timber Wood

In this article, we will learn about what is timber wood called and its uses and various examples like teak, Marwar teak, Sal, Shisham, Deodar, Babul, Bamboo, etc.

Timber wood

What is Timber wood?

Timber wood is a large piece of wood that is used for making furniture, buildings, and other industrial works.

Some of the examples of Timber are:

Teak 

Tectona grandis

Family- Verbenaceae

Hindi name - Sangwan

In India, it grows in western Rajasthan, Karnataka, Gujrat, Madhyapradesh, Kerala, and Andra Pradesh.

In Rajasthan, it is grown in Udaipur, Banswara, Dungarpur, and Chittorgarh side areas.

The height of these trees is between 20-30 mtrs. The age of the tree is nearly 200 years. The rainfall range needed is 120-130 cm and 20-30 degree C temperature for growth. The wood is divided into soft wood and heartwood. 

 The wood is highly durable, lustrous, and scratch-proof. The wood is used in making furniture, rail, instruments, ships, etc. The oil of wood is used for skin diseases.

 Marwar Teak

Tecomella undulate

Family - Bignoniaceae

Hindi name - Roheda

Mostly grown in India, Pakistan, Balochistan, and Arab countries. In India in the North-Western region of Rajasthan and the desert region of Gujarat. In Rajasthan found in Jodhpur, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu, and Bikaner.
Height ranges between 5-8 mtrs.
Wood is used in making good quality furniture cabinets, toys, doors, and windows. The leaves are used for orders for cattle its bark and seeds are used as medicines its flower coloring materials are prepared.

Sal

Shorea robusta

Family- Dipterocarpacae

Hindi name - Sal

It grows in India, Srilanka, Nepal, Burma, and Southeastern Asian countries. In India found from Kangra Valley in Punjab to Assam.

Sal tree is long and gregarious. The tree's height ranges between 30-40 mtrs. Temperature ranges from 25-35 degrees C and rainfall ranges from 300-400 cm. The wood is divided into softwood and heartwood.

Heartwood is diffused porous type and dark red or brown colored whereas softwood is thin and light in color. The wood is used in making Railway sleepers bridges and furniture.

Shisham

Dalbergia sisso

Family- Leguminosae

Hindi name- Shisham

In India, Shisham is grown in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, west Bengal, and Assam commercially. Sheesham is a deciduous tree height of 20 m. The wood is divided into softwood and heartwood.

It is used as fuel wood as well as for trade and shelter. The tree is planted along roadsides, and canals and as a shade tree in tea plantations. It is also commonly planted as a street tree in South Indian cities.

It is from this tree that the Rajasthani percussion instrument 'Mridanga' is made. It's used for plywood, agriculture tools, flooring, bentwood, and turning, in addition to musical instruments.

The sapwood is white to pale brownish or white, and the heartwood is golden or dark brown. Heartwood is resistant to fungi and has a specific approximate gravity of 0.7-0.8, but sapwood is easily attacked by dry wood borers and termites.

Babul

Acacia nolotica

Family- Leguminosae

Hindi name - Kikar

The tree is evergreen with a short trunk it is indigenous to North India and cultivated in dryad tracts. Thrones are used for fencing and would build excellent fuel and good-quality charcoal. Agricultural implements and card Herbs are prepared from this tree.

Deodar

Cedrus deodar

Family- Pinaceae

Hindi name- Deodar, Dar

Evergreen gymnosperm trees are found in the North Western Himalayas from Kashmir to Garwal. The wood is moderately hard sapwood is white and hardwood is light Yellow or brown, oily, strongly scented, and very durable it is extensively used for construction work, Railway sleepers, furniture, and generally carpentry and it is a convenient pencil fuel.

Pine

Pinus

Family- Pinaceae

Hindi name- Chir

This gymnosperm tree is found in the Western and Eastern Himalayas. Sapwood is white and hardwood is light reddish or Brown. It is moderately hard and coarse. Wood is commonly used for construction work, Railway sleepers, packing cases, furniture, and in the Matchbox industry.

Bamboo

Bamboos are integral not only to the culture of India but that of the entire of Southern Asia. The wide range of their qualities in this group of spices is the one foremost associated with the mainstay of rural culture in our country.

Its versatility has led to the coinage of such terms as bamboo culture "green-gold", "poor man's Timber", "friend of the people", and "cradle of coffin Timber" In fact bamboo can be used as a timber substitute in many respects.

Bamboos belong to the grass family Poaceae in India. There are 125 Indigenous as well as exotic species of bamboo belonging to 23 genera.

Bamboo is found in almost all the states of the country from the tropical to the temperate region and the Alluvial Plains to the high mountains the only exception where they do not occur naturally is Kashmir.

The principal Bamboo genera occurring in India are Arundinaria, Bambusa, Chimonobambusa, Dendrocalamus, Dinochloa, Gignatochloa, Indocalamus, Ochlandra, Drepanostachyum, Phyllostachys, Pleioblastus, Pseudoxytenanthera, Schizostachyum, and Thamnocalamus.

More than 50% of bamboo species occur in Eastern India like Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Manipur, Sikkim, and West Bengal other areas rich in bamboo are Andaman Madhya Pradesh and Western Ghats.

Bamboos grow from sea level in the tropical sea to 4000 meters above sea level in the temperate region all the bamboos are more common to the tropics they also occur naturally in subtropical and temperate zones of the world except in Europe they've formed an important constituent of many deciduous and evergreen forest in nature Bamboo seldom occur as a pure crop, but are generally found as an understory in tropical evergreen, tropical moist deciduous, tropical dry deciduous, and subtropical mountain, wet temperate and Himalayan water temperate forests.

Bamboo is usually found in moist valleys, sheltered depression, along streams, and on a lower slope but occasionally also occurs on higher slopes and hilltops.

Bamboo Climate and soil

Warm temperate, tropical climates offer optimum conditions for the bamboo species it is extremely fast-growing and it can grow up to 3 inches per day in these favorable conditions.

Most bamboos grow best in the Well drained, fertile soils and they generally prefer neutral to almost acidic soil.

5 importance of Timber wood

What is timber wood used for?

• Timber is used by industrialists to make furniture, windows, buildings, doors, tables, decorative items, etc.
• Timber oil is used in the prevention of skin disease.
• Timber like Deodar is a convenient pencil fuel.
• Timber (Shisham) is used to make musical instruments 'Mridanga'.
• Timber is a piece of wood that is used for making furniture, buildings, and other industrial works.

Source of Timber

The source of timber is- Teak, Marwar Teak, Sal, Deodar, Shisham, Babul, Pine, Bamboo, etc.